Point source when pollutants enter the water course at specific sites, such as a discharge pipe. Outlined below is a formidable list of chemicals, pesticides and herbicides, along with explanations of how they affect the human body. Water pollution is the introduction into fresh or ocean waters of chemical, physical, or. The contamination could be caused by physical debris such as plastic water bottles or rubber tires, or it could be chemical such as the runoff that finds its way into waterways from factories, farms, cities, cars, sewage treatment facilities, and air pollution. Water pollution in pakistan and its impact on public health. Causes and effects of water pollution water covers 70% of the earths surface and makes up over 60% of the human body. The effects of pollution on human beings and aquatic communities are many and varied.
Impact of water pollution on human health and environmental. The chief sources of water pollution are sewage and other waste. Polluted water has effects on both human and aquatic life. It is estimated that three core people of urban areas defecate in open. Children living near diesel trucking routes are more likely to have decreased lung function, bronchitis and allergies.
Pollutants may enter the aquatic environment as a result of natural occurrences, such as the collapse of algal blooms andor as a result of human endeavours, leading to adverse water quality. The direct influence is through the physical effects of climatic extremes, whereas the indirect means include the influence on the intensities or level of pollution in the air, on the marine and freshwater systems that provide food and water, as well as. Disease causing microorganisms are known as pathogens and these pathogens are spreading disease directly among humans. The toxic pollutants are entered in the food chain and posing a threat to human health 4. Belarusian state medical university the faculty of general medicine medical ecology is an emerging science that defines those aspects of the environment that have a direct bearing on human health. Contamination or pollution of water affects human health in many ways. Chapter 2 water quality this chapter was prepared by m. Types and sources of water pollution there are several major types of water pollution. Water pollution is any contamination of water with chemicals or other foreign substances that are detrimental to human, plant, or animal health. Some questionnaires designed and used to interview the people. Water quality issues are a major challenge that humanity is facing in the twentyfirst century. Sewage or wastewater should be treated before it is discharged into the river. Impacts of air pollution on human health, ecosystems and. Water pollution and its impact on the human health are sinks for wastes.
Introduction addis ababa is located within the akaki river basin, which covers an area of 11 454 km 2 ebba 2006. Worldwide, nearly 2 billion people drink contaminated water that could be harmful to their health. A study on the causes of water pollution and its effects. And if water does get polluted, water suppliers must tell you right away. In children, air pollution is linked to asthma and bronchitis, increases in school absences and er visits. Noxious health effects caused by air pollution can be classified as due to either chronic or acute exposure. Environmental determinants of human health in oecd countries, on the other hand, are related more to the expo. The following lists display causes of water pollution and the effects it has on human health and the environment.
One of the most destructive types is petroleum pollution. Nov 15, 2017 a natural form of water pollution, microorganisms cause this type of water pollution. Effects, prevention, and climatic impact intechopen. While the primary cause of water pollution is the contamination of manmade sources, pollution that affects water can cause many health problems in many different ways. Dec 01, 2003 drinking water is derived from two basic sources. Air pollution reduces plant biodiversity and affects other ecosystem services, such as clean water, recreational activities and carbon storage. Environmental pollution air, solid waste and water effects on physical health. How human behaviors affect our natural resources clean water is essential for all humans. Waste is thrown away by putting it in to plastic bags 11. Causes and impact of water pollution and its adverse effects on health 34 controls, water would become grossly polluted and unusable for a wide range of human and non human needs. Water pollution is caused by foreign objects and chemicals entering the aquatic ecosystem or when natural chemicals build up in excess amounts. Water pollution occurs when unwanted materials enter in. Wastes are most often discharged into the receiving water bodies with little or no regard to their assimilative capacities.
Pollution prevention and waste minimization are more desirable than pollution control. Olaniran 1995 defined water pollution to be presence of excessive amounts of a hazard pollutants in water in such a way that it is no long suitable for. Impact of water pollution on human health and environmental sustainability highlights several important water related issues and explores a number of potential solutions to the problem of water sustainability. Though most of the microorganisms are harmless, however some bacteria and viruses may cause serious health problems. These effects, as discussed in this report, depend fundamentally on the nature of the compound in question, the concentration in the air and the time of individual exposure. For the main study in 1987, a total of 18741 usable responses were obtained from beachgoers on nine beaches at weekends. Pollution is the result of the cumulative effect over time. This, combined with the growth of ur ban populations, has affected everyday life, with some.
Evaluation of drinking water pollution and health effects. The quality of water can be dramatically affected by pollution. Finally, interventions at the effect level would include actions by health. Water pollution occurs when unwanted materials enter in to water, changes the quality of water and harmful to environment and human health. It has negative effects on the living and also on the environment. Unfortunately, the natural resource defense council states that dirty water is the worlds largest health risk natural resources defense council. Polythene bag and plastic waste is a major source of pollution. Water pollution affects marine ecosystems, wildlife health, and human wellbeing. Polluted water is also harmful for agriculture as it adversely affects the crops and the soil fertility.
Water pollution control a guide to the use of water. Unfortunately polluted water and air are common throughout the world european public health alliance, 2009. The who states that one sixth of the worlds population, approximately 1. However, it is unclear whether the lower levels of ambient pollution in wealthy countries today affect health. Infants are more susceptible to the health effects posed by nitrates, which can be serious and sometimes fatal.
Learn about the effects of water pollution and keep your family safe. Marcy,thanks for sharing this useful and informative article. Geological survey found that nitrates were too high in 64 percent of shallow monitoring wells in agricultural and urban areas. The new rules, which are scheduled to take effect in 2015. Below, we shall see a summary of the effects of water pollution. Prospective epidemiological studies of beach water pollution were conducted in hong kong in the summers of 1986 and 1987. The global environmental pollution, including greenhouse gas emissions and acid deposition, as well as water pollution and waste management is considered as international public health problems, which should be investigated from multiple perspectives including social, economic, legislation, and environmental engineering systems, as well as. Impact of water pollution on animal health free download as powerpoint presentation. Health impacts of water pollution it is a wellknown fact that clean water is absolutely essential for healthy living.
The increasing pollution of drinking water sources in pakistan and the consequent effects on human health and the environment is an issue of great concern. Pollution in rivers, oceans, and other bodies of water can. C, which measures the marginal effect on avertive expenditures at the. Effects of nuclear pollution the effects vary from organism to organism and from level of radioactivity of nuclear isotopes. Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. A 2010 report on nutrients in ground and surface water by the u. The surface water pollution has a number of sources. Water pollution can have some tremendouslyadverse effect on the health of any and every life form living in the vicinity of the polluted water. Thus, a chapter on air and water pollution control links with chapters on, for instance. Contaminated water that is used during crop production, harvesting, and processing can lead to health issues. Air pollution from hydraulic fracturing threatens public health and. The water pollution in south africa has affected water quality and impacted negatively on public health and functioning of ecosystems including the rising cost of water treatment.
What are the effects of water pollution eschooltoday. Depositions of deleterious chemicals in soil also leads to loss of soil fertility. Chemical application crops with contaminated water used for pesticide or herbicide application. Environmental pollution, types, causes, impact and.
Water pollution and its impact on the human health water quality data have analyzed by microsoft excel software. All organisms need water for their metabolic activities. Water is the source of life and when polluted, it can adversely affect human health. Fresh water pollution may be classified into two types. Many industries and farmers use chemicals when working which end up polluting water that. This page presents detailed information about the health effects of water pollution and contaminants that may be present in your drinking water. Water pollution occurs when a body of water becomes contaminated. In the last 20odd years, there has been a boom in economic development in china. Health and pollution are not just two different things, they are one of those things that have huge correlation between these two things, and since we all are living on earth, our goal must be related to minimize the effect of pollution on the former part. Water pollution in south africa and its public health impact. You will notice in the previous pages that water pollution is very harmful to humans, animals and water life. Agriculture the waste that we dump on water bodies gets accumulated on surface water and ground water, this will contaminate crops and cause diseases to consumers and farm workers.
The present study investigates the level of awareness about water pollution in delhi, its causes, its health effects. Focusing on researchbased perspectives on water availability, industrial and agricultural pollution, water contamination, and their. Although drinking water often picks up low levels of some pollution as it flows in rivers and collects in aquifers say. Causes of water pollution sewage from domestic households, factories and commercial buildings sewage that is treated in water treatment plants is. Though onethird of the earth is covered by water, drinkable water is present in small volume.
Pdf water pollution is the contamination of natural water bodies by. While water pollution is known to cause a variety of health problems, some might be so severe that it eventually results in. This water pollution affects the health and quality of soils and vegetation. Water pollution national institute of environmental.
Petroleum products, such as oil and gasoline, enter the water from ships and marine terminals, offshore oil rigs, runoff from parking lots, factories, oil dumping, and other sources. Effects of water pollution on human health there is a greater association between pollution and health problem. Air pollution reduces the economic value of crops and leads to expensive cleaning of cultural heritage. Humans and all living species in the world are facing worst results of polluted water. The standard participatory rural appraisal pra methods followed to analyze data, collected from the local people concerning their perception. However, a side effect that has resulted in is the increased severity of environmental. The major causes of water pollution include sewage and other oxygendemanding wastes, urbanization, agrochemical wastes, thermal pollution, industrial wastes, nutrient enrichment, acid rain pollution, oil spillage, the disruption of sediments. Human health effects of air pollution marilena kampa, elias castanas laboratory of experimental endocrinology, university of crete, school of medicine, p.
Drinking water can be a source of exposure to chemicals caused by nutrient pollution. It is not a problem of an individual or a nation but is a problem. Some of adverse effects of water pollution are as follows. Besides direct consumption washing, bathing, drinking man uses water for a multitude of purposes like irrigation, industry, navigation, recreation, construction work, power generation and waste disposal. Pollution control means to control the emissions and effluents into the air, water and land or soil. The effects can be catastrophic, depending on the kind of chemicals, concentrations of the pollutants and where there are polluted. Causes and effects of water pollution go green academy. Water is an essential and general need of life with an undeniable effect directly or indirectly.
Health and pollution effects of air and water pollution. In turn, this can lead to public health problems for people living downstream. All water contains natural contaminants, particularly inorganic contaminants that arise from the geological strata through which the water flows and, to a varying extent, anthropogenic pollution by both microorganisms and chemicals. Air pollution contributes to climate change, hence air pollution. Health effects of beach water pollution in hong kong. Polluted water consists of industrial discharged effluents, sewage water, rain water pollution ashraf et al, 2010 and polluted by agriculture or households cause damage to human health or the environment. There are several ways that people and pets can be exposed to these compounds. Emphasis is placed on chemical pollution, particularly on inorganic and organic micropollutants including toxic metals and metalloids as well as a. The discharge of raw sewage, garbage, as well as oil spills are threats to the diluting capabilities of the lagoons and rivers in the major cities. Indubitably, water pollution and its health impact remain enormous challenges in china. Olaniran 1995 defined water pollution to be presence of excessive amounts of a hazard pollutants in water in such a way that it is no long suitable for drinking, bathing, cooking and other uses.
Use the list below to quickly jump to your topic of interest. Effects of water pollution water pollution has a duel effect on nature. Apr 16, 2017 8 effects of water pollution on our health allaboutwaterfilters. The impact of water pollution on human health pirshtuk a. Excess nutrients and harmful algal blooms create toxins and compounds in water that pose danger for human health. High levels of pollution can lead to illness and death. Causes and remedies 279 1990 klt 580, attributed right to clean water as a right to life in article 21. A number of studies regarding pollution aspects of surface water and its effect on ground water have been carried out by different workers. In china today approximately 700 million peopleover half the populationconsume drinking water contaminated with levels of animal and. Causes, effects, and solutions for today and tomorrow since people living in the twentyfirst century have the likelihood of experiencing the effects of harmful pollution, looking at the causes of this water and air pollution is definitely vital in halting its devastating consequences. Water pollution adversely affects the health and life of man, animals and plants alike. Adequate supply of fresh and clean drinking water is a basic need for all human beings on the earth, yet it has been observed that millions. The report suggests that the primary sources of water pollution are untreated or partially treated effluents from municipal, industrial and mining wastewater discharges. Any particular use will have certain requirements for.
Jan 18, 2016 032 health impacts of pollution in this video paul andersen explains how chemicals can cause both chronic and acute diseases. Pdf water is the important constituent of life support system. The human population depends on the earth at several different levels hydrosphere example. Below is a list of the potential food production points where contaminated water sources can affect crop production. The radiations destroy the cells in human body and causes cancer. A study of indian rivers working paper quytoan do the world bank shareen joshi georgetown university samuel stolper harvard university july 3rd, 2014 abstract water pollution levels in many developing countries remain significantly higher than in the developed world. Water pollution not only puts the life of sea animals in danger, but also effects the human beings. Water contamination other uses of water healthy water. Chinas extraordinary economic growth, industrialization, and urbanization, coupled with inadequate investment in basic water supply and treatment infrastructure, have resulted in widespread water pollution. A longer exposure to radioactive radiations can damage the dna cells that results in cancer, genetic defects for the generations to come and even death. Water pollution causes approximately 14,000 deaths per day, mostly due to. The large environmental share of health problems in non oecd countries diarrhea, tbc, etc.
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